Discriminant Calculator

⚡ Calculate the discriminant (Δ = b² - 4ac) instantly! Determine if quadratic equations have real, complex, or repeated roots with step-by-step solutions.

x² - 5x + 6 = 0

What is the Discriminant?

The discriminant is a key value that tells you everything about the nature of roots in a quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0. By calculating Δ = b² - 4ac, you can instantly determine if the equation has two distinct real roots (Δ > 0), one repeated real root (Δ = 0), or two complex conjugate roots (Δ < 0). This is essential for graphing parabolas, solving equations, and understanding quadratic behavior.

Discriminant Formula

Δ = b² - 4ac

The discriminant of ax² + bx + c = 0

Two Real Roots

Δ > 0

Equation has two distinct real roots

One Repeated Root

Δ = 0

Equation has exactly one real root (double root)

Complex Roots

Δ < 0

Equation has two complex conjugate roots

Examples

x² - 5x + 6 = 0

1a=1, b=-5, c=6
2Δ = (-5)² - 4(1)(6)
3Δ = 25 - 24 = 1 > 0
4→ Two real roots

x² - 6x + 9 = 0

1a=1, b=-6, c=9
2Δ = (-6)² - 4(1)(9)
3Δ = 36 - 36 = 0
4→ One repeated root

x² + x + 1 = 0

1a=1, b=1, c=1
2Δ = (1)² - 4(1)(1)
3Δ = 1 - 4 = -3 < 0
4→ Complex roots

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the discriminant of a quadratic equation?

The discriminant is the value Δ = b² - 4ac from the quadratic formula. It determines the nature and number of roots of the equation ax² + bx + c = 0.

What does a positive discriminant mean?

A positive discriminant (Δ > 0) means the quadratic equation has two distinct real roots. The parabola crosses the x-axis at two different points.

What does a zero discriminant mean?

A zero discriminant (Δ = 0) means the equation has exactly one real root (a repeated or double root). The parabola touches the x-axis at exactly one point (the vertex).

What does a negative discriminant mean?

A negative discriminant (Δ < 0) means the equation has no real roots, only two complex conjugate roots. The parabola does not cross the x-axis.

How is the discriminant related to the quadratic formula?

The quadratic formula is x = (-b ± √Δ) / 2a, where Δ = b² - 4ac. The discriminant is under the square root, which is why its sign determines the nature of roots.

Is this calculator free?

Yes! 100% free with no signup required. Get instant step-by-step solutions.