algebra

Polynomial Operations

Adding Polynomials

Combine like terms — terms with the same variable and exponent.

(3x² + 2x + 1) + (x² - 4x + 5)
= 4x² - 2x + 6

Subtracting Polynomials

Distribute the negative, then combine like terms.

(5x² + 3x - 2) - (2x² - x + 4)
= 5x² + 3x - 2 - 2x² + x - 4
= 3x² + 4x - 6

Multiplying Polynomials (FOIL)

For binomials: First, Outer, Inner, Last

(x + 2)(x + 3)
= x·x + x·3 + 2·x + 2·3
= x² + 3x + 2x + 6
= x² + 5x + 6

💡Like Terms Quick Check

3x² and 5x² are like terms (same variable, same exponent). 3x² and 3x are NOT like terms (different exponents). Always match both the variable AND the exponent!

⚠️ Common Mistakes

  • Adding exponents when adding terms (wrong!): 3x² + 2x² ≠ 5x⁴
  • Forgetting to distribute the negative sign to all terms
  • Missing terms when using FOIL — check you have 4 products!
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